A web portal is a site that provides users with various interactive services that operate on a single resource. The information on their pages is published in a consistent way, regardless of sources. Such sites offer not only a search function, but also services such as email, forum, voting, etc.
By specialization of information
horizontal portal. It is a general purpose, multi-topic site that provides a set of services that cater to all of them, if possible. It is focused on the maximum coverage of the interests of a wide audience. The scope of horizontal web portals often overlaps with the media. Examples: Yahoo!, Mail.ru, Yandex and others.
vertical portal. This is a niche site with a narrow theme. It provides services for Web users with specific interests and is focused on the most complete coverage of a particular topic or area of activity.
By direction
Corporate portal. Such a site provides personalized access to corporate services, information resources, applications for solving various problems. This type of web portal is created for clients, partners and employees of the same organization.
public portal. Available to an unlimited range of users. It provides each of them with any information and services. Typically, a public portal is owned by a company and is part of its business. An example is Mail.Ru. However, such a web portal does not apply to corporate ones, since data about the company itself is rarely published on it.
A typical resource consists of three functional layers:
The next generation corporate web portals are also characterized by the following properties.
Various means are used for this purpose. Let's look at a few popular ones.
InfoExchange portal(from companyBroad Vision)
With this tool, you can create portals of the following types:
Personalization can be carried out in accordance with the role of the user and taking into account his behavior on the site, tasks, goals, location, time. Each user can change the look of the site for easy access to applications. Working with documents and data is also based on roles.
WebSphere portal server(fromIBM)
The WPS offer is suitable for building corporate and horizontal portals. Through a portlet, the system provides access to data, applications, and experts. WebSphere Portal Server provides data covering information from news outlets, unstructured information, third-party application packages, office suites, content management systems, file systems.
In WPS, you can create a corporate portal for customers, employees, business partners. This IBM product includes content categorization and structuring, security, document management, and personalization.
SharePoint Server (by Microsoft)
This server application can be used to provide portal content management, user collaboration, business process implementation, and access to information critical to organizational processes. The system offers various tools for quickly creating publishing nodes, content management.
With the help of SharePoint Server, they organize portals for effective collaboration of users of the organization, create personal sites for centralized management of their own documents, host XML business forms integrated with other applications.
In addition to these funds, there are the following:
Hello! If you are going to engage in individual entrepreneurship in the field of IT, then after registering an IP, you should definitely select your OKVED codes.
There are a huge number of them, and for every type of activity. From my own experience, I can say that for a person unfamiliar with this “thing”, it will be terribly difficult to understand all its intricacies, but possible.
And in this article I will tell you about what OKVED codes are for creating websites.
OKVED (all-Russian classifier of types of economic activity) is an important component of the Unified coding system, classification of social, technical and economic data (ESKK) of the Russian Federation.
You can choose a maximum of 50 pieces. Therefore, you can take not only those that are required immediately, but also those that you may need in the near future.
OKVED codes allow you to systematize business activities. In addition, they are very efficient in their work. Their main purpose is to make it easier for you to navigate the preparation of the necessary documentation during the registration of an individual entrepreneur. For convenience, these codes are divided into several headings. You can get acquainted with the description of each rubric on special sites.
If you are going to make a living by freelancing, in particular, then you need to choose the following groups of OKVED codes:
These include:
These include:
This grouping includes:
Among the codes there are those that must be licensed. However, a license should only be obtained before starting work. Until then, they will simply be listed.
The choice of some of the codes involves the provision of a certificate of no criminal record to the tax authorities.
In general, as you can see, everything is not so confusing. I hope this information was useful to you, share it with your friends on social networks. networks. And don't forget to subscribe for updates. See you on my blog pages!
Sincerely! Abdullin Ruslan
Introduction
This article is devoted to Web-portals and tools for their creation. Like content management tools for websites, portal tools have become quite common in the software market over the past few years, since the efficiency and timeliness of using information from employees, partners and customers is one of the determining factors for a company's success in the market.
It should be noted that at present there is an active process of integrating internal information systems of enterprises with applications that provide interaction with customers and partners, as well as with Web applications designed for Web site visitors, and the number of related Internet projects is growing rapidly. In other words, many modern Russian and foreign companies are now actively creating an infrastructure that allows using the Internet not only as a means of communication, but also as one of the main tools for doing business. Creating such an infrastructure means implementing Internet applications that allow a company to provide its customers and employees with up-to-date information, and often direct access to corporate information systems and other business applications, as well as to process information received from them (for example, orders or offers) in a timely manner. For this purpose, portal technologies are often used to integrate existing applications within a single way to access them. Currently, there is a rapid growth in the market for these technologies and the products that implement them.
At its core, a portal is a Web site designed for a specific audience (for example, customers and company employees), which analyzes, processes and delivers information and provides access to various services based on user personalization using any device connected to the Internet.
Portals can be classified according to various criteria, but most often they resort to classification by purpose. Currently, on this basis, there are three main types of portals:
Some publications offer a more detailed classification of corporate portals, dividing them into portals that present the results of data analysis (Business intelligence portals), intranet portals (Business area portals), portals for organizing group work (Enterprise Collaborative Portals), portals designed for knowledge management (Enterprise Knowledge Portals), the so-called role portals (Role portals), supporting three business models - B2E, B2C and B2B. Some sources refer to corporate portals and sites based on document management tools and site content and intended only to provide information to various groups of visitors.
In addition, portals are sometimes referred to as other types of Web applications that provide certain services to their users over the Internet, such as voice portals that give the right to access certain services over a telephone line using voice commands or commands sent from the telephone keypad, or so-called personal portals providing services of personal information managers and e-mail.
Analytical company Gartner Group in its research formulated the basic requirements for corporate portals that characterize the first two generations of these products. According to these studies, the first generation of enterprise portals has the following characteristics:
The second generation of corporate portals used as part of e-business are characterized by:
An Enterprise Portal is a product or set of products that is based on a specific infrastructure (usually including at least an application server and a database server) and implements the functions described above. A general view of the functional architecture of the corporate portal (on the example of Sybase Enterprise Portal) is shown in fig. 1.
As part of a typical corporate portal, three main functional layers can be conditionally distinguished:
As a rule, portals have an open architecture that allows you to extend their functionality by adding third-party applications or additional components. Note that most often these components are content management tools, so usually such tools are produced by portal manufacturers or simply included in the latter.
Currently, portals are inherently becoming a means of connecting business processes within the enterprise with the business processes of partners and customers. In reality, future portals will be able to perform the function of integrating applications and data, which is necessary for successful interaction with partners and customers. Support for mobile devices will also play an important role in the functionality of the portals, allowing users to replace traditional desktop computers with them and gain constant access to the services they provide. We also note that one of the main trends in the development of portals is the use of content management tools in them, which makes it possible to implement the function of its aggregation in the portal.
On the technology side, expect portals to take advantage of the capabilities of today's application servers and DBMSs, especially support for application integration technologies such as XML Web services. In addition, one can, apparently, hope for the emergence of industry standards for portal components.
According to recent research by the Gartner Group, leaders have finally emerged in the enterprise portal market this year. These include SAP (after the acquisition of TopTier Software), IBM (after the release of WebSphere Portal Server and the announcement that all IBM portal products will be based on it), Sun and Sybase. Other contenders for leadership include CA, Oracle, Microsoft, and PeopleSoft, whose products are among the top offerings in general-purpose portal management tools.
As for the preferences of potential consumers of enterprise portal tools, the clear leader, according to surveys of various analytical companies, is Plumtree Portal (Fig. 2).
Below we will look at the portal creation tools of leading manufacturers: BroadVision, Computer Associates, Hummingbird, IBM, Microsoft, Oracle Corporation, Plumtree, PeopleSoft, SAP Portals, Sun Microsystems, Sybase.
BroadVision specializes in integrated suites of applications for e-commerce and transactions.
BroadVision InfoExchange Portal is one of the company's core products and, like most portal tools, is a means of providing access to data, resources, business processes, and applications for company employees, customers, partners, and suppliers. With the help of InfoExchange Portal, you can create B2E portals, portals for exchanging data with suppliers and partners, B2C and corporate portals containing built-in tools for managing structured and unstructured content, tools for remote administration, tools for supporting transactions within information systems operating in the company , means of personalization and teamwork.
BroadVision InfoExchange Portal contains a scalable application server, as well as business process and application integration tools - Enterprise Integration Framework. Integration tools support the creation of distributed applications based on Java 2 Enterprise Edition (J2EE), and also include adapters for accessing third-party applications - DBMS, ERP and CRM systems, Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) directories.
User profiles, page types, and information categorization are managed using the Web interface.
Personalization can be carried out based on the role of the user, as well as on the basis of his behavior on the site, goals, tasks, location and time. In addition, users can customize the look of the site to suit their needs, giving them the most convenient access to the most frequently used data and applications. Access to documents and data, as well as distribution of documents are also performed on the basis of roles. You can also access portal data and applications using mobile devices.
Note that user access to data and applications is carried out using portlets - portal components, which are elements of the interface of Web pages (Fig. 3).
The BroadVision InfoExchange Portal also provides access to data from external sources, such as financial information, news, weather reports.
Note that the BroadVision InfoExchange Portal includes document management tools to manage document and data routes, groupware tools (such as creating communities and discussion groups), and tools to notify users of data or document changes.
The data and document search tools used in the BroadVision InfoExchange Portal are licensed from Verity. In addition, this product also includes content management tools that allow creating and publishing documents, version control, managing the life cycle of documents and their fragments, direct publication on the Web, and collective work on documents. It is also possible to use BroadVision InfoExchange Portal and BroadVision One-to-One Content together - a tool for managing the content of Web sites (you can read about it in the article “Managing the content of Web sites”).
BroadVision InfoExchange Portal can run on HP-UX and Sun Solaris operating systems, be used in conjunction with Apache Web servers, Microsoft Internet Information Services, Netscape Enterprise Server, and other Web servers that support CGI applications, and be used in conjunction with DBMS companies Informix, Oracle, Sybase.
BroadVision recently announced that the InfoExchange Portal and other BroadVision products will soon include Web services that provide access to key functionality of these products.
Detailed information about the InfoExchange Portal can be found on the BroadVision website.
CleverPath Portal (formerly Jasmineii Portal) is one of the industry's most powerful tools for creating corporate portals and personalized presentation of information from a variety of sources on the Web. With CleverPath Portal, enterprise IT departments can quickly develop and implement secure Web portals that provide both external and internal users with all the data they need to make decisions and improve communication between organizations and improve business operations.
CleverPath Portal provides access to the full range of information that exists on corporate networks and on the Internet, including its forms such as Web pages, real-time data, Microsoft Office and Excel documents, email messages, corporate application data, and other structured data, such as those stored in databases. The product uses a number of CA-specific technologies for data visualization, enabling developers to create graphically rich and intuitive representations of complex data combinations for a variety of portal user categories. The CleverPath Portal also includes search tools that allow users of all skill levels to quickly find and process the information they need (Figure 4).
CleverPath Portal is currently the only portal product capable of dynamically personalizing information provided to individual users or groups. Such an opportunity, realized through the use of CA Neugentsii technology, significantly increases the efficiency of commercial portals, because due to this, exactly the information that they need becomes available to users as quickly as possible. Neugentsii technology can also be used to obtain the desired information based on the analysis of user preferences and profiles. We also note that CleverPath Portal users have the ability to exchange data in real time, which increases the efficiency of their work.
As an infrastructure, CleverPath Portal can use the CA Jasmineii platform to access a variety of data sources on a variety of platforms, operating systems, and applications. However, the possibility of using CleverPath Portal with application servers and DBMS from other manufacturers is not ruled out.
CleverPath Portal easily integrates with the EUREKA Suite, purchased from Sterling Software, Inc., to equip the portal with a variety of Business Intelligence tools, including OLAP tools. From programming languages this product supports C++, Java, Visual Basic. The Neugentsii technology used in CleverPath Portal supports the Component Object Model (COM), Common Object Request Brokering Architecture (CORBA), XML, Mail Application Programming Interface (MAPI), and OLE DB and ODBC from universal data access mechanisms.
CleverPath Portal contains integration tools with ERP systems such as SAP, PeopleSoft, CRM systems (Siebel). Due to the support of LDAP, integration with group work and messaging tools (Microsoft Exchange, Lotus Notes) is also carried out.
As a Java application, CleverPath Portal is compatible with the full range of Java-enabled desktop, mobile and handheld devices.
Detailed information about the CleverPath Portal can be found on the Computer Associates website.
Hummingbird has been developing enterprise solutions for over 15 years. The Enterprise Information Portal is a customizable infrastructure that provides access to enterprise applications and data, information and knowledge inside and outside the enterprise.
The Enterprise Information Portal is based on several Hummingbird products, none of which, however, is a required part of it. This is because the Enterprise Information Portal can be embedded in a ready-made infrastructure and integrated with existing operating systems and applications.
A feature of the Enterprise Information Portal is the management of structured and unstructured information, as well as expanding the ability to manage documents and knowledge through the creation of data warehouses, the use of Business Intelligence tools, which allows you to create full-featured integrated portal solutions.
Of the components of the Enterprise Information Portal, Hummingbird Genio Suite should be noted - an integration tool based on extracting, transforming and loading data (Extract, Transformation, and Load, ETL) and application integration (Enterprise Application, EAI). Using Genio, you can access structured data sources, such as data from ERP and CRM systems and other business applications, and then build data warehouses based on them. At the same time, the user can perform a large number of various operations (such as creating, saving, publishing and distributing a report) without switching between different applications (Fig. 5).
The level of integration achieved at the same time between data sources allows you to find the necessary data inside and outside the organization, searching in external and internal sources of structured and unstructured data - on file servers, in Microsoft Exchange data, Lotus Notes, data warehouses, Internet applications, such as like Hummingbird BI/Web, etc., and then get the results of such a combined search, sorted by a certain criterion. In this case, users receive only those of the required data, access to which they are allowed.
The Enterprise Information Portal may inform users by notifying them by e-mail when data or other content changes.
The possibilities of integrating the Enterprise Information Portal with business applications are implemented through e-Clips - extension modules based on XML data exchange and created by developers using scripting languages.
Hummingbird EIP supports personalization based on user interface settings. In addition, Hummingbird EIP supports user profiles based on which applications and documents they use most frequently; such profiles can be used to provide users with certain information.
Hummingbird EIP supports various security tools and models such as Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP), Novell Directory Services (NDS), NT LAN Manager (NTLM), Network Information Services (NIS), Active Directory Services (ADS). When transferring data over the Internet, Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) is supported.
Note that, like most products of this class, Hummingbird EIP is scalable - it can serve tens of thousands of users. This is achieved by using multiple back-ends and using a custom servlet container that both serves HTTP requests and coexists with other Web servers.
Hummingbird EIP supports various client devices such as personal computers, mobile devices, WAP phones.
Detailed information about the Enterprise Information Portal can be found on the Hummingbird website.
WebSphere Portal Server (WPS) is a horizontal and enterprise portal offering that provides access to applications, data, and experts through software modules (adapters) called portlets. IBM offers a wide range of off-the-shelf portlets as part of the product and tools for developing your own portlets.
The types of data covered by WPS include information from news outlets, unstructured information, third-party application packages, traditional applications, DBMS and file systems, content management systems, and office suites.
WPS can be deployed as a corporate portal for employees, business partners, and customers. This product contains the functions of structuring and categorizing content, security, personalization, document management (Fig. 6).
The WPS framework is based on the following products: WebSphere Application Server, WebSphere Personalization, WebSphere Everyplace Suite, and software products from Lotus Corporation.
WPS Presentation Services provides an easy-to-use web-based thin client that allows browser users to customize the portal appearance, business content search, and access options. These services work in conjunction with WebSphere Everyplace Suite, which allows you to adapt the user interface to the capabilities of mobile devices and WAP phones. WPS personalization services use integration with Tivoli products.
WPS provides access to collaboration services by integrating with Lotus and Microsoft products, and the interface to these products is presented in the form of portlets. WPS contains portlet adapters for Lotus Notes View, E-mail, Calendar, To Do lists, and discussion groups. Products such as Lotus Quickplace, Sametime, LearningSpace, and Domino.Doc can be purchased separately and added to WPS as portlets. WPS also contains portlets for Microsoft Exchange components: Calendar, Inbox, Contacts, and Office Library.
WPS Document Management Services supports a complete transactional workflow across multiple systems that together form a business process. This feature appeared due to integration with the MQSeries Workflow product.
Detailed information about WebSphere Portal Server can be found on the company website
At its core, a portal is a Web site designed for a specific audience (for example, customers and company employees), which analyzes, processes and delivers information and provides access to various services based on user personalization using any device connected to the Internet.
Portals can be classified according to various criteria, but most often they resort to classification by purpose. Currently, on this basis, there are three main types of portals:
1. Public or horizontal portals (sometimes called megaportals) such as Yahoo!, Lycos, Excite, Rambler. These portals are intended for the widest audience, which is reflected in the content of the information and services they provide - they are usually of a general nature (eg political and cultural news, e-mail, newsletters, etc.). The sphere of activity of such portals intersects with the sphere of activity of the mass media, therefore, recently there have been processes of merging public portals and mass media within one company.
2. Vertical portals are designed for specific types of market and serve the audience using the services of this market or working on it. Examples of such portals are B2C (Business-to-consumer) applications, such as travel agencies providing services for hotel reservations, ordering and delivery of tickets, access to maps and information about driving routes, etc., or B2B type portals (business-to-business), allowing their customers to implement joint business operations (for example, select suppliers and purchase goods, hold auctions, etc.). The number of such portals has recently been growing rapidly, as more and more markets for goods and services move to the Internet.
3. Corporate portals are intended for employees, customers and partners of the same enterprise (sometimes they are called B2E portals - Business-to-employees). Users of such a portal get access to the services and applications intended for them, depending on their role and personal profile, and this is the most interesting category of portals in terms of implementing corporate infrastructure and integrating applications. The purpose of the corporate portal is to provide external and internal users with personalized access to all corporate data and applications (including unstructured and heterogeneous data), unify isolated business models, integrate various corporate applications (including applications of business partners), provide full round-the-clock access to all users (including mobile ones) to company resources 24 hours a day, regardless of their location.
Some publications offer a more detailed classification of corporate portals, dividing them into portals that present the results of data analysis (Business intelligence portals), intranet portals (Business area portals), portals for organizing group work (Enterprise Collaborative Portals), portals designed for knowledge management (Enterprise Knowledge Portals), the so-called role portals (Role portals), supporting three business models - B2E, B2C and B2B. Some sources refer to corporate portals and sites based on document management tools and site content and intended only to provide information to various groups of visitors.
In addition, portals are sometimes referred to as other types of Web applications that provide certain services to their users over the Internet, such as voice portals that give the right to access certain services over a telephone line using voice commands or commands sent from the telephone keypad, or so-called personal portals providing services of personal information managers and e-mail.
