Almost everyone knows that in a computer, the main element among all the “iron” components is the central processing unit. But the circle of people who imagine how the processor works is very limited. Most users have no idea about this. And even when the system suddenly starts to "slow down", many people think that this processor is not working well, and do not attach importance to other factors. To fully understand the situation, consider some aspects of the CPU.
If we talk about how an Intel processor or its competitor AMD works, you need to look at how these chips are arranged. The first microprocessor (by the way, it was from Intel, model 4040) appeared back in 1971. It could perform only the simplest operations of addition and subtraction with only 4 bits of information, i.e. it had a 4-bit architecture.
Modern processors, like the first-born, are based on transistors and have much greater speed. They are made by the method of photolithography from a certain number of individual silicon plates that make up a single crystal, into which transistors are imprinted, as it were. The scheme is created on a special accelerator with dispersed boron ions. In the internal structure of processors, the main components are cores, buses, and functional particles called revisions.
Like any other device, the processor is characterized by certain parameters, which, when answering the question of how the processor works, cannot be ignored. First of all it is:
For now, let's focus on clock speed. No wonder the processor is called the heart of the computer. Like the heart, it works in pulsation mode with a certain number of cycles per second. Clock frequency is measured in MHz or GHz. The higher it is, the more operations the device can perform.
At what frequency the processor operates, you can find out from its declared characteristics or look at the information in But during the processing of commands, the frequency can change, and during overclocking (overlocking) it can increase to extreme limits. Thus, the declared is just an average indicator.
The number of cores is an indicator that determines the number of computing centers of the processor (not to be confused with threads - the number of cores and threads may not match). Due to this distribution, it becomes possible to redirect operations to other cores, thereby increasing overall performance.
Now a little about the structure of executable commands. If you look at how the processor works, you need to clearly understand that any instruction has two components - an operational and an operand.
The operating part indicates what the computer system should do at the moment, the operand determines what the processor should work on. In addition, the processor core can contain two computing centers (containers, threads), which divide the execution of the command into several stages:
Today, separate caching is used in the form of using two levels of cache memory, which makes it possible to avoid interception by two or more commands of accessing one of the memory blocks.
Processors according to the type of instruction processing are divided into linear (execution of instructions in the order in which they are written), cyclic and branching (execution of instructions after processing branch conditions).
Among the main functions assigned to the processor, in the sense of executable commands or instructions, there are three main tasks:
In this process, components such as the bus and the read/write channel that are connected to the storage devices should be noted. ROM contains a permanent set of bytes. First, the address bus requests a specific byte from the ROM, then transfers it to the data bus, after which the read channel changes its state and the ROM provides the requested byte.
But processors can not only read data from RAM, but also write them. In this case, the write channel is used. But, if you look at it, by and large, modern computers theoretically could do without RAM at all, since modern microcontrollers are able to place the necessary data bytes directly in the memory of the processor chip itself. But you can't do without ROM.
Among other things, the system starts from the hardware test mode (BIOS command), and only then control is transferred to the bootable operating system.
Now let's look at some aspects of checking the health of the processor. It must be clearly understood that if the processor was not working, the computer would not be able to start downloading at all.
Another thing is when you want to look at the indicator of the use of the processor's capabilities at a certain moment. This can be done from the standard "Task Manager" (in front of any process, it is indicated how many percent of the processor load it gives). To visually determine this parameter, you can use the performance tab, where changes are tracked in real time. Advanced options can be viewed using special programs, such as CPU-Z.
You can also use multiple processor cores using (msconfig) and advanced boot options.
Finally, a few words about problems. Here, many users often ask, they say, why does the processor work, but the monitor does not turn on? This situation has nothing to do with the central processor. The fact is that when you turn on any computer, the graphics adapter is first tested, and only then everything else. Perhaps the problem lies precisely in the processor of the graphics chip (all modern video accelerators have their own graphics processors).
But using the example of the functioning of the human body, one must understand that in the event of a cardiac arrest, the entire body dies. So it is with computers. The processor does not work - the entire computer system “dies”.
I welcome everyone who is interested in such an important component of the system unit as the processor. Let me start by asking you a few questions. Are you a professional video editor? Do you like cutting-edge games, the realism in which just rolls over? Or do you want your computer to work without brakes, freezes and perform all the functions assigned to it?
Then you just need to know that it is the processor that is responsible for solving any, even the most complex tasks. In this article, you will learn why a processor is needed in a computer, what it is capable of and how to choose the right one based on your needs.
The processor is a small microcircuit that is located in a special slot on the . Millions of operations performed by you or installed programs pass through it every second. It is in the processor that all the main functions of computer control are concentrated, it is a kind of "bridge" between each component. Without it, it is impossible to start a computer, as, for example, to start a car that has no engine.
Accordingly, the more powerful the chip, the faster all commands and operations will be processed. Any, even the most resource-intensive utilities will stop "slowing down", they will open faster. An example is 3D video rendering. This operation is very heavy on the processor's performance, therefore, if it is weak in its parameters, the procedure may take several hours (depending on the duration of the video and its quality).
Gamers' attempts to launch their favorite games will look similar. And even if they succeed, they most likely will not advance further than the initial menu, since everything will freeze in a terrible way. Or, in gaming slang, lag.
I must say right away that it is not difficult, but rather painstaking. The fact is that when choosing a processor for certain tasks, you need to take into account several criteria, such as:
A simple layman, whose computer is not busy with the most complex computational tasks and does not regulate the operation of the most powerful programs, is enough to choose a processor according to only two criteria - this is the number of cores and their clock frequency. Now let's talk about them in order.
The very first processors had only one core in their architecture. Previously, this was enough, but the rapid development of information technology left no chance for single-core microcircuits, and they are gradually fading into history. Now it is worth buying a modern processor with at least two cores, or even more. Fortunately, manufacturers work hard and constantly improve in the development of new types of processors.
By the way, there are only two manufacturers in the world - these are Intel and AMD. Each of them produces quite decent chips, but Intel products are more famous. What caused this is not clear, because AMD also creates good and powerful microcircuits.
The clock frequency is a constantly growing parameter. Each new generation of chips has improved characteristics. For example, the latest generation AMD A10-5800K processor (released in 2016) has a frequency of as much as 4.2 GHz. It also has 12 cores. Impressive, right? If you also turn on overclocking, then you can make a supermachine out of your computer, but you hardly need such loads.
If you do not need such power, then you can look at any dual-core chip, whose clock frequency starts from 1.7 GHz. These indicators are quite enough for the confident operation of even powerful utilities (graphics, video, etc.). And also such a chip is suitable for games.
In laptops, by the way, processors are often built in, which immediately have a graphics core in their architecture. This is convenient, as it saves space in the case and allows you to immediately process all the graphic information directly.
Like any other technical gadget, the processor can sometimes surprise users. For example, the user is perplexed, although the load does not seem to be serious. Or the computer will simply freeze at the most inopportune moment (and 99% of freezes are due to the fact that the chip does not have time to process a large amount of information).
Almost always, the way out is elementary - thermal paste. It is necessary for temperature stabilization and cooling. In combination with a cooler, of course. It has the ability to dry out over time, so it needs to be replaced at certain intervals. There is nothing difficult in removing the cooler and applying thermal paste, but if you have no experience in this, then it is better to trust a professional.
And if you don’t know how to find out which processor is on your computer, then I’ll tell you, it’s very simple. It is enough to right-click on the "My Computer" shortcut, calling up the context menu, and then go to the "Properties" tab. Everything, information about your processor will be right in the window that opens.
I sincerely hope that you have found something new for yourself in this material. Do not forget to share it with your friends on social networks, maybe one of them just doesn't know something about processors.
And you know that in Russia they are also developing their own processors. No? Then watch this video.
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Good day and my respect, dear readers, visitors, passing personalities and .. in general, everyone who reads these lines. Today we'll talk about which processor to choose and how to do it.
Many of us want to always have at hand an adequate computer piece of hardware of good quality and powerful power, and even at an affordable price.
However, despite our wishes, not everyone (I would even say, a few) are able to immediately name all the main criteria for choosing one or another computer component. And if they somehow somehow manage with the video card, then when it comes to the brain of everything and everything, namely, the central processor, then this is where the absolute ambush begins.
Therefore, we once again (because, as many remember, there were already articles on choice, and much more) decided to lend a helping hand to all those in need and talk about how to choose the right processor, namely, what you need to know, what to look for attention to what characteristics are there and so on.
In general, today we are waiting for an article from the series: “I want to buy a processor, but I don’t know what to look for .. Tell me?”.
In short, sit back and.. Let's go!
As I said, the article will be as practical as possible, so we will not rant for a long time about what a CPU is and what it is for, but we will immediately rush off the bat.
We have already somehow touched on processor topics in articles such as and, however, questions are constantly pouring in from readers, they say, give a clear guide on what and how to buy.
And since the project is, so to speak, social (we take into account the "Wishlist" of visitors), without thinking twice, we decided to consecrate this issue in as much detail as possible.
Note:
Very often one has to deal with a situation where users buy various fancy and expensive ones in the hope that everything will fly and run right away, but the processor is not given due attention, after which it slows down the entire system, because it simply cannot provide all the necessary agility and nimbleness to everyone other operating subsystems and components.
Therefore, knowledge of the main parameters is necessary first of all in order to assess the realistically possible computational performance of the future system. It turns out that focusing on the characteristics of the processor, you will be able to maximize the full potential of all the components of your computer counterpart.
Actually, here's what you have to decide when choosing a processor:
Conclusion . Which processor to choose based on this? If you are a supporter of all kinds of laptops and similar portable devices, then you should not pay special attention to TDP and all sorts of fans there - everything is already calculated and installed there for you. If you want to assemble a high-performance desktop system, then you need to take a serious "cooler".
With the development of the process technology for the production of processors, it became possible to place various microcircuits inside the CPU, in particular the graphics core.
This solution is convenient because you do not need to buy a separate video card. It is focused mainly on the budget sector (office environment), where the graphical capabilities of the system are secondary. AMD integrates Radeon HD video chips into its computing processors, such a single element is called APU (accelerated processor element).
Conclusion . Which processor to choose based on this? If your goal is a budget computer in which graphics do not play an important role (well, you don’t play powerful games, don’t do 3D design, etc., etc., but just watch movies, surf the Internet, etc., etc.), then a hybrid processor with an integrated video core is what the doctor ordered, so to speak, cheap and cheerful. If you need video power, then, of course, there is no point in spending on a processor with a video core - better.
For such a long time of existence of processors, their manufacturers have acquired their own "bells and whistles" - additional functions that accelerate and expand the computing power of the CPU. For example, here are some of them.
From AMD:
From Intel:
Conclusion . Which processor to choose based on this? Of course, additional “goodies” in the form of proprietary technologies are not something to be based on when choosing a CPU, but no one bothers you to get them for free as a pleasant bonus, the main thing is to decide what is needed.
So the last one for today is...
It is very important to be able to read and correctly interpret the processor markings, because stores are different, sellers are not always honest, but it’s unlikely that anyone wants to pay extra N-thousand rubles for an incomprehensible “stone”, and therefore it is important to be able to read processor markings. Let's analyze it with a specific example, for example, for the manufacturer AMD.
In general, marking from AMD (for generation Family 10h) can be represented as follows (see image):
The decryption will be as follows:
Processor brand (1). The following characters are possible:
Processor assignment (2). Options:
Processor model (3). Possible designations:
Thermal package and cooling system class (4). The data is taken from the table (see image):
Processor case (5). The data is taken from the table (see image).
Number of cores (6). Values from 2 to C (12).
The amount of cache memory (7). Data from table (see image).
Processor revision or stepping (8). Data from table (see image).
So, based on the data in the table, we can easily determine what kind of processor we have in front of us, for example, judging by the model below (see image), we have ..
AMD processor labeled HDZ560WFK2DGM , which stands for:
The choice is traditionally yours. Of course, no one canceled all sorts of Yandex.Market there, but from good stores, I would recommend these, and not some MVideo and other large networks there (which are often not just expensive, but flawed in terms of quality of service, warranty work etc.).
Today we found out in as much detail as possible which processor to choose and how to do it correctly, i.e. what you can pay attention to when buying it.
The information is quite specific and technically, perhaps difficult and unusual for some, so if you haven’t learned something, then re-read it again, and then again, then open the price list and try to make several options for choosing processors for different needs.
Then read again, then select again. In general, and so on in a circle until you fill your hand :)
We have fulfilled our good mission, so it's time to say goodbye for a while.
As always, if you have any questions, additions, thanks and all that, feel free to write comments.
P.S. For the existence of this article, thanks to a member of the team 25 FRAME
Welcome friends! Today we will analyze with you such an interesting and important question, what is a processor in a computer. It is more correct to call it the central processing unit (CPU, it is also called a chip, a stone, a percent, and so on).
So, the processor is the main chip that processes and manages the main processes in the computer. More visually, the processor is called the brain of a personal computer (PC), by analogy with the human brain, which also does the main work of processing and managing data in our country.
The CPU is very important for a PC, it depends on it how fast it will work, carry out many daily tasks. Although, of course, there are still several important components in the computer (RAM, video card), which also affect the speed of the entire system.
In order for the PC to constantly keep up with the times in speed and performance, the CPU and other details are changed from time to time. More on this below.
The main characteristics of the CPU are:
That is, this is the number of operations performed per second. Now this parameter is already measured in billions. For example, if you watched the technical data on a processor, you could see it has a value of 2.5 GHz - this means 2.5 billion operations per second (but this is still very small compared to the human brain, whose performance, in thousand times more).
Enough. The most powerful processors today can have a clock speed of 4 or 4.5 GHz, which is usually required for powerful computer games and programs, this is superfluous for everyday work.
Some 10 years ago, almost no one even thought about the appearance of two or more nuclear CPUs. Manufacturers increased the clock speed until they hit the limit of this process. Then a new direction appeared - the creation of two or more cores in a chip.
On the one hand, this is very good. Because it allows the processor to work twice as fast. But on the other hand, without the appropriate software support, this cannot be realized. The thing is that any parts of the computer do not work by themselves.
They are able to function only if special software instructions are written for it. If there are none, then there will be no sense from any new technology at all. So here, if you run programs that are designed for single-core ones on a dual-core CPU, then they will work only for one core, that is, there will be no increase in speed, the second core will simply not be involved.
This is how things are with the advent of multi-chip CPUs. Although now this problem has already been solved. Almost all outgoing programs are optimized for operation on multi-core processors (where necessary). Of course, these are games, video processing, imaging, modeling, development, and so on.
It is important to understand that with increasing power, the costs of the energy required for operation also increase. This is very important, because a large energy consumption leads only to money spending, increased heat generation. Therefore, developers are constantly working to reduce energy consumption.
In short, this is the support by the processor of one or another architecture of work. Usually it is 32 or 64 bit. There are great opportunities in 64-bit, now it is becoming commonplace everywhere. All modern CPUs support 64 bits, so this is an unambiguous question and you can’t make a mistake in it. You can understand this issue in more detail in the article, what is the difference between 32-bit and 64-bit bitness of the operating system.
In general, there is a wide variety of them for every taste and need. But with slightly demanding requests, it is easy to choose it. For starters, it’s worth deciding for what purposes the computer will be used, if only for work and small entertainment (small games, watching movies, music, surfing the Internet), then everything is simple here - the most inexpensive modern chip will suit you.
If you are doing serious complex work that requires a powerful balanced computer, then this is a little more difficult. You need to pay attention to such points:
Corresponding to such basic recommendations, you can somehow count on a good and productive copy. But it would be more correct to choose a model and look up information about it on the Internet, for example, performance tests, reviews, etc.
In general, overclocking is an independent increase in its technical characteristics, usually it is an increase in clock frequency, voltage, or unlocking the cores (if such a possibility is present).
We strongly do not recommend doing it unless it is allowed by the manufacturer. If you act contrary to this, you can simply spoil it. Another thing is when the manufacturer himself allows this, moreover, he brought out a special function for this, sometimes you just need to press one button or select the appropriate value.
In this case, yes, if you consider it necessary to increase the characteristics of the CPU, then this can be done. But again, do not forget about cooling and thermal paste. If you do not make sure of these moments, then again you can ruin the CPU.
Based on the information presented above, we hope you can form a general idea of what a processor is, what are its characteristics and how to use it correctly.
The central processing unit is the brain and heart of the computer
The word processor itself comes from the English verb to process, which, translated into Russian, will sound like process. In a general sense, this term refers to a device or set of programs that are used to perform computational operations or process an array of data or a process.
In a personal computer, the processor performs the function of the "brain", being the main microcircuit that is required for the smooth and correct operation of the PC. The CPU controls all internal and peripheral devices.
FOR YOUR INFORMATION:
very often the processor is denoted by the English abbreviation CPU. It stands for Central Processing Unit, or central processing unit.
Externally, the processor is a small square board, the upper part of which is covered with a metal cover that serves to protect the microcircuits, and the lower surface is strewn with a large number of contacts. It is with this side that the processor is installed in a special connector or socket located on the motherboard. The CPU, or central processing unit, is the most important part of a modern computer. Without a command issued by the CPU, not even the simplest operation is performed, for example, adding two numbers or writing one byte of information.
The principle of operation of the processor is the sequential processing of different operations. They happen very quickly, the main ones are:
FOR YOUR INFORMATION:
buffer memory is virtually divided into two parts - lower and upper level. Active processes are on the top "floor", and unimportant operations are moved to the bottom level. If necessary, the lower layers of information are used by the system, the rest of the time the data is not involved. This approach allows the processor to use all the resources for the current operation.
Simplified scheme of the central processor
To understand how the CPU works, you need to understand what parts it consists of. The main components of the processor are:
The top cover is secured with an adhesive sealant that can withstand high temperatures, and thermal paste is used to bridge the gap inside the assembled processor. After solidification, it forms a kind of "bridge", which is required to ensure the outflow of heat from the crystal.
The main parts of the CPU - cover, die and pad
If the central processing unit itself can be called the "brain" of the computer, then the core is considered the main part of the CPU itself. The core is a set of chips located on a platform of silicon, the size of which does not exceed a square centimeter. The set of microscopic logical elements, through which the concept of work is implemented, is called architecture.
Some technical details: in modern processors, the core is attached to the chip platform using a “flip-chip” system; such joints provide maximum connection density.
Each core consists of a certain number of functional blocks:
The processor core is the smallest board on which the working elements are located.
The term socket is translated from English as "socket" or "connector". For a personal computer, this term simultaneously refers directly to the motherboard and processor. The socket is where the CPU is attached. They differ from each other in such characteristics as the size, number and type of contacts, features of the cooling installation.
The two largest processor manufacturers - Intel and AMD - have been waging a long-standing marketing war, each offering its own socket, suitable only for the CPU of its production. The number in the marking of a particular socket, for example, LGA 775, indicates the number of contacts or contact legs. Also in technological terms, sockets can differ from each other:
The socket can also affect the following computer settings:
The creation of a special socket for fixing the central processor is required so that the user can upgrade the system and change the CPU in case of failure.
The processor socket is the socket for its installation on the motherboard
One of the parts of the CPU, in addition to the main core itself, can be a graphics processor. What is it, and why is the use of such a component required? It should be noted right away that embedding a graphics core is not mandatory and is not present in every processor. This device is required to perform the main functions of the CPU in the form of solving computational problems, as well as graphics support.
FOR YOUR INFORMATION:
sometimes you can find the abbreviation IGP, which stands for Integrated Graphics Processor or integrated graphics processor. This means that this particular PC uses a similar solution, and a discrete graphics card may not be available at all.
The reasons why manufacturers use technologies to combine two functions in one core are:
The use of integrated or integrated graphics is most often seen in laptops or low-cost PCs designed for office work, where there are no excessive graphics requirements.
The graphics core is a graphics coprocessor placed on the CPU
A thread of execution in a CPU is the smallest unit of processing assigned by the kernel that is required to separate the code and context of an executing process. There can be several processes at the same time that use CPU resources at the same time. There is an original development by Intel, which began to be used in models starting with the Intel Core i3 processor, which is called HyperThreading. This is a technology for dividing a physical core into two logical ones. Thus, the operating system creates additional computing power and increases threading. It turns out that only the indicator of the number of cores will not be decisive, since in some cases computers with 4 cores lose in performance to those that have only 2.
The number of threads can be viewed through the task manager
Process technology in computer science refers to the size of the transistors used in the computer core. The manufacturing process of the CPU occurs according to the photolithography method, when transistors are etched from a crystal covered with a dielectric film under the action of light. The optical equipment used has such an indicator as resolution. This will be the technological process. The higher it is, the more transistors can fit on one chip.
Reducing the size of the crystal contributes to:
The process unit is nanometer (10-9). Most modern processors are manufactured using the 22 nm process technology.
FOR YOUR INFORMATION:
an example is the Intel Core i7 processor, which, with a die size of 160 mm, contains 1.4 billion work items.
The technical process is an increase in the number of working elements of the processor while maintaining its size
The basis of the method is to divide the CPU into guest and monitor parts. If switching from the host to the guest OS is required, then the processor automatically performs this operation, keeping only those register values visible that are required for stable operation. Since the guest operating system interacts directly with the processor, the operation of the virtual machine will be much faster.
Enabling virtualization is possible in the BIOS settings. Most motherboards and processors from AMD do not support the technology of creating a virtual machine using hardware methods. Here software methods come to the aid of the user.
Virtualization is activated in BIOS
A processor register is a special set of digital circuitry that refers to the ultra-fast memory required by the CPU to store the results of intermediate operations. Each processor contains a great many registers, most of which are not available to the programmer and are reserved for the execution of the main functions of the kernel. There are general and special registers. The first group is available for circulation, the second is used by the processor itself. Since the speed of interaction with CPU registers is higher than the access in RAM, they are actively used by programmers to write software products.
Processor registers
Many users have heard such a thing as clock speed, but not everyone fully understands what it is. In simple terms, this is the number of operations that the CPU can perform in 1 second. The rule applies here - the higher the clock rate, the more productive the computer.
The unit of clock frequency is Hertz, which in physical terms is a display of the number of oscillations for a set period of time. The formation of clock oscillations occurs due to the action of a quartz crystal, which is located in the clock resonator. After the voltage is applied, an electric current oscillates. They are transmitted to the generator, which converts them into pulses that are sent to the data buses. The clock speed of the processor is not the only characteristic of the evaluation of the speed of the PC. You also need to take into account the number of cores and the amount of buffer memory.
You can view the clock frequency in the BIOS or using special software
Each Windows OS user, when installing new programs, was faced with choosing a version for the bitness of the system. What is CPU bit depth? In simple terms, this is an indicator, otherwise called a machine word, showing how many bits of information the CPU processes in one clock cycle. In modern processors, this indicator can be a multiple of 32 or 64.
FOR YOUR INFORMATION:
for a normal user, the bit depth will determine the maximum amount of RAM that is supported by the processor. For 32 bit it is 4 GB, and for 64 bit the upper limit is already 16 TB.
Bit depth can be 32 and 64 bits
Throttling, or throttling, is a protective mechanism that is used to prevent the CPU from overheating or causing hardware failures during operation. The function is active by default and is triggered when the temperature rises to a critical level, which is set for each specific CPU model by the manufacturer. Protection is carried out by reducing the performance of the kernel. When the temperature returns to normal, the function will automatically turn off. It is possible to forcefully change the throttling settings through the BIOS. It is actively used by CPU overclockers or overclockers, but for a simple user, such changes are fraught with PC breakdown.
When the permissible temperatures of the CPU are exceeded, the protection system, or throttling, is automatically turned on
During the operation of the core and other elements of the CPU, a large amount of heat is generated, which is why modern computers use powerful cooling systems, both for the central processor and for the main components of the motherboard. Demanding programs that actively use the power of the CPU and video card (usually these are games) load the processor, which leads to a rapid increase in temperature. In this case, throttling is enabled. Many video card manufacturers claim that their products are able to function normally even at 100°C. In reality, the limiting temperature will be the one indicated in the technical documentation.
FOR YOUR INFORMATION:
powerful video cards and processors operate at higher clock speeds, which leads to more heat dissipation. Therefore, they require improved cooling.
You can independently control the temperature regime using special monitoring software (AIDA64, GPU Temp, Speccy). If there is a slowdown during work or play, then it is likely that the temperature has risen to a critical level, and the protection has automatically worked.
You can independently monitor the temperature of the CPU and video card using special software
Turbo Boost is a patented technology from Intel that is used in the first three generations of Intel Core i5 and i7 processors. It is used to hardware accelerate the CPU for a certain time. Using the technology, the overclocking procedure is carried out taking into account all important parameters - current strength, temperature, voltage, OS state, so it is completely safe for the computer. The increase in processor speed is temporary and will depend on the type of workload, number of cores and platform configuration. Additionally, it should be noted that the technology is supported only by Windows 7 and 8 operating systems.
Proprietary technology from Intel allows you to achieve a temporary improvement in computer performance
In total, it is customary to distinguish 5 main types of processors in a computer:
The microprocessor market is divided by two major manufacturers - Intel and AMD, which have been fighting relentlessly throughout their existence. Each company offers its own ready-made solutions. The choice of a particular model is a subjective decision of the end user, since each manufacturer offers a wide range of models, ranging from budget options to high-end gaming CPUs.
The Intel Core i3, i5 and i7 models have gained the greatest popularity in the line of processors from Intel. Depending on the modification, they can be used both in gaming PCs and in office machines. AMD has one of the best processors of the Ryzen series, demonstrating good performance. The Athlon series is still found, but it is already archival. For an undemanding user, AMD A series processors are suitable.
AMD and Intel are the two largest processor companies.
Processor scalping is the process of removing the cover to replace the thermal paste. This procedure is one of the overclocking components or may be required to reduce the load on the CPU hardware.
The procedure itself is:
When carrying out the procedure, one should take into account the fact that one wrong move can lead to processor failure. Therefore, it is better to entrust this event to professionals. If the decision to carry out scalping at home is finally made, then it can be advised to purchase a special device in the form of a CPU clamp, which will facilitate the removal of the cover without damaging the crystal.
Processor scalping is the process of opening the cover to replace the thermal paste.
Overclocking, or CPU overclocking, may be worthwhile if you have outdated hardware and don't have the funds to buy a new stone. Typically, the procedure allows you to get a performance increase of 10 to 20%. There are two methods for overclocking - by increasing the FSB frequency or by increasing the processor multiplier. Modern computers, as a general rule, come with a locked multiplier, so the most accessible way is to change the system bus frequency.
Processor overclocking is done by increasing the bus frequency or processor multiplier
Basic overclocking tips:
FOR YOUR INFORMATION:
if stable operation is observed when reaching the maximum frequency, but excessive heating is observed, in this case, it is necessary to fully study the operation of the PC cooling system.
You can simplify the overclocking process by using special programs that independently control the main parameters affected by overclocking.
The processor is the heart of your PC. It is here that the administration of all machine processes takes place. The quality of the entire computer depends on how efficiently this block will work. This means that your confidence and peace of mind completely depend on the choice of high-quality filling of a hardware-computer.
If you have questions for our experts, you can leave them below.
